Pneumonia is a lung disease caused by organisms. It can be mild to severe. Some cases of pneumonia are caused by another disease. It can affect the entire lungs.

The lungs are divided into five different parts, with the upper, middle, and lower parts on the right and the upper and lower parts on the left.

While there are many types of pneumonia based on the organism that caused the infection, pneumonia is generally divided into two major groups based on how much of your lungs is affected.

Depending on which part of your respiratory system is affected, you may be diagnosed with it.

  • Bronchopneumonia. Bronchopneumonia is a type of pneumonia that mostly affects the bronchi and bronchioles. These are the system of tubes that bring air into your lungs. This type of pneumonia often spreads to other parts of the lungs if not treated effectively.
  • Lobar pneumonia. This refers to any type of pneumonia that causes There is congestion. or inflammation — a condition known as consolidation — which affects an entire lobe of your lung.

When bronchopneumonia moves out of its initial stage, it usually progresses to lobar pneumonia. There are four different phases of infection for lobar pneumonia.

Pneumonia remains a leading cause of death worldwide. Lobar pneumonia is typically the more fatal form of this infection because it tends to encompass the entirety of the lobe.

Research shows that lobar pneumonia can cause serious illness or even death in any of the stages, and you may not move through these stages in an orderly fashion. You can be in more than one stage at a time.

These stages are used to help guide treatment and grade the severity of a lobar pneumonia infection. The explanation is below.

1. Congestion

This is typically the first stage of infection that occurs after a pneumonia infection has dominated one of the lobes in your lung. The There is congestion. stage typically lasts around 24 hours, and your lungs become inflamed, red, and weighed down by infection. Microscopic examination of your lung tissue in this phase would show engorged blood vessels and swelling in the tiny air sacs of your lungs (alveoli) where carbon dioxide and oxygen are exchanged.

2. Red hepatization

This is traditionally recognized at the second stage of lobar pneumonia, and it usually lasts for a few days. During this time, immune cells accumulate in large numbers in the spaces around your alveoli as they try to fight off the infection. Swelling around the alveoli is replaced with strands of fibrous tissue, and your lung tissue becomes dry and firm. In this stage, your alveoli are not able to move oxygen and other gases into your bloodstream as well. The red blood cells that carry oxygen and other nutrients can burst and leak, giving your lung tissue a pink or red appearance under a microscope.

3. Gray hepatization

This stage usually appears 2 to 3 days after the red hepatization stage and can last for up to 8 days. Fibrous tissue and secretions increase as red blood cells are destroyed. Hemosiderin, a protein that stores iron in your tissues, may accumulate. These changes in your cells and tissues can create staining or discoloration of your lung tissue, giving a gray or darkened appearance on microscopic examination.

4. Resolution

If you have reached the resolution phase, the immune cells can mount a defense against the infection and break up the growths that restricted gas exchange. Your alveoli function begins to recover after the immune cells clear dead tissue debris.

If you have a disease like pneumonia, the symptoms can be caused bybacteria, a virus, or a fungus. Some symptoms you may notice are listed below.

Symptoms during the There is congestion. phase

You may experience things in the early stages of pneumonia.

  • There is congestion.
  • There is a high degree of fever.
  • fatigue
  • wet cough with sputum (phlegm)
  • There is chest pain.

Symptoms during the red hepatization phase

As you move into more advanced stages of pneumonia, you may be increasingly weak or tired as your body tries to fight the infection. You may start to see sputum production or coughing decrease as swelling in the alveoli increases. When this happens, you may become short of breath or have difficulty breathing.

Symptoms during the gray hepatization phase

This is the more severe phase of lobar pneumonia and it is common for you to have a short breath. Your alveoli are surrounded by strands that keep them from moving gases like oxygen and blood pressure.

Medical emergency

You might have symptoms of hypoxia as your gas exchange is impaired. This is a life threatening emergency. Call emergency services or go to the nearest emergency room if you experience:

  • a blueish tinge to your lips or nail beds
  • There is a lot of breathlessness.
  • dizziness
  • There is confusion.
  • A rapid heartbeat.
  • shallow breathing

Supplemental oxygen or mechanical ventilation may be required to prevent additional problems from occurring.

Symptoms during the resolution phase

In the resolution phase, your infection is beginning to clear. You may have more energy, and your shortness of breath may be improving. However, you could also notice an increase or return in coughing and sputum production as your body works to clear dead tissues and other debris from your lungs.

It can be difficult to tell the difference between any type of cold or respiratory infection and pneumonia in the early stages. Many respiratory infections can cause a cough that’s either wet or dry and begins to clear in 2 to 3 weeks. If your cough is lasting longer, or becoming more severe during that time even with medication, you may want to see a doctor.

Medical emergency

If you begin to experience signs of more severe infection like a There is a high degree of fever. above 102°F or There is confusion., or if you start to have trouble breathing, you should see a doctor right away.

“If you can’t get an appointment with a doctor in a timely manner, you should seek care at the emergency department.”

How you are treated for pneumonia depends on how sick you become. Antibiotics are usually used to treat pneumonia, but other types of pneumonia may need alternative treatments.

Early pneumonia

In early phases of pneumonia like the There is congestion. phase, or in people who don’t have other significant health conditions that could complicate the pneumonia, broad-spectrum antibiotics designed to treat a variety of infections are usually offered without testing to confirm your specific strain of pneumonia. This may include antibiotics like:

The antibiotics target the most common causes of pneumonia. You may find relief with treatments like that.

  • It is necessary to thin your mucus and secretions.
  • rest
  • medications to control your There is a high degree of fever.
  • using a humidifier

Note

Speak with a doctor before taking cough and cold medication. Some medications can cause drying, which can make your symptoms worse.

Severe or complicated pneumonia

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In severe cases of pneumonia, the medication used usually includes formulas that combine more than one type of antibiotic.

  • fluoroquinolones are used for drugs.
  • There are some drugs called alpha-lactams.
  • cephalosporin is a penicillin-like antibiotic.
  • macrolides

oseltamivir is used to shorten the course of viral pneumonia, which is caused by the flu.

In severe cases, you may also need direct drainage of fluids from your lungs with a chest tube.

A chest tube could be used if a person develops a parapneumonic effusion, which is not in the lungs but around the lungs in the thoracic cavity, which is also known as the pleural space.

If you have other health conditions, you will be watched closely.

  • The disease of the kidneys.
  • The disease of the bile duct.
  • cancer
  • Other lung conditions can be present.

People with other conditions are more likely to have pneumonia that progresses to sepsis or multi-organ failure and even death.

Pneumonia can be serious and even fatal.

The most serious type is lobar pneumonia. When the lung becomes congested by the infection, it develops. If this happens, your lung tissue is unable to move oxygen and other gases in and out of your blood, and serious consequences may occur.

If you think you may have pneumonia, or if you experience symptoms like shortness of breath or There is confusion. after a period of illness, see a doctor. Pneumonia can progress through several stages, but medical care is important in all of them.